Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho yoshishino, iivalvu ngamacandelo angundoqo okulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi. Ukulungeleka kunye nokukhuseleka komsebenzi wabo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Njengojongano oluphambili lonxibelelwano lomntu{2}}lomatshini, uhlobo loyilo lwesibambo sevalvu lumisela indlela yokusebenza kunye nesiphumo. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezibambo zevalve - izibambo ze-lever kunye nezibambo zesandla, ukuhlalutya imigaqo yazo yokusebenza, iimeko ezisebenzayo kunye neempawu zobugcisa, kunye nokubonelela abasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso ngesikhokelo sokhetho lobuchwephesha.
Imixholo
1. Intshayelelo: Imisebenzi kunye nokuhlelwa kwezibambo zevalvu
2. Izibambo zeLever: Izibonelelo zoomatshini zokusebenza ngokukhawuleza
2.1 Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza we-lever handles
2.2 Iimeko ezisebenzayo zelever handles
2.3 Uhlalutyo lweenzuzo kunye nokungalunganga kwezibambo ze-lever
Isibambo se-3.Handwheel: Amandla ajikelezayo alawulwa ngokuchanekileyo
3.1 Ubume kunye neempawu zokusebenza zezibambo zesandla
3.2 Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweziphatho zamavili esandla
3.3 Iinzuzo zobugcisa kunye nokunciphisa iziphatho zamavili esandla
4. Uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo lwezibambo ze-lever kunye nezibambo zesandla
5. Indlela yokukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesiphatho sevalve?
6. ISISHWANKATHELO: Khetha esona siphatho sesivalo ngokweemfuno zakho
1. Intshayelelo: Umsebenzi kunye nokuhlelwa kwezibambo zevalvu
Umqheba wevalve lujongano olubonakalayo phakathi komsebenzisi kunye nevalve. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukulawula ukuvulwa, ukuvala okanye ukulungiswa kwe-valve ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi wezandla. Ngokwemigaqo yoyilo eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela zokusebenza, izibambo zevalvu zahlulwe ikakhulu ngamacandelo amabini: izibambo zelever kunye nezibambo zesandla. Isibambo se-lever sifezekisa ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza ngomgaqo we-lever, ngelixa isibambo se-handwheel sixhomekeke kwintshukumo ejikelezayo ukubonelela ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lokuhamba. Zombini zineemeko zazo ezisebenzayo kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso, kwaye ukukhetha uhlobo olululo lwesibambo lubalulekile kwimpumelelo yenkqubo kunye nokhuseleko.
2. Isibambo seLever: Inzuzo yomatshini wokusebenza ngokukhawuleza
2.1 Uyilo kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza we-lever handle
Isibambo se-lever ngokuqhelekileyo siquka intonga ende kunye ne-fulcrum, esebenzisa umgaqo we-lever ukukhulisa amandla omqhubi. Xa umqhubi etyhala okanye etsala i-lever, isiphatho sijikeleza i-fulcrum, siqhuba isiqu sevalve yevalve ngentonga yokudibanisa okanye indlela yegiya, ngaloo ndlela iqonda ukuvuleka nokuvalwa kwevalve. Uyilo lwesibambo se-lever lujolise ekusebenzeni kakuhle komatshini kwaye lunokusebenzisa iivalve ezinkulu kunye namandla angaphantsi, afaneleke ngokukodwa kwiimeko ezifuna ukuphendula ngokukhawuleza.
2.2 Iimeko zokusetyenziswa kweziphatho zezitshixo
Izibambo zeLever zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiivalvu ezifuna ukuvulwa nokuvalwa ngokukhawuleza, njengale:
Inkqubo yokukhusela umlilo:Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, isibambo se-lever sinokuvula ngokukhawuleza okanye sivale i-valve yomlilo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukubonelelwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo lamanzi okucima umlilo.
Imibhobho yoshishino:Kwimichiza, i-petroleum kunye namanye amashishini, izibambo ze-lever zihlala zisetyenziselwa iivalve ezifana neevalve zebhola kunye ne-butterfly valves ezifuna ukunqumla ngokukhawuleza ulwelo.
Iinqanawa kunye nobunjineli baselwandle:Iivalve kwiinqanawa kufuneka ziqhutywe ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezinzima, kwaye izibambo ze-lever zikhetho lokuqala ngenxa yokuthembeka kwazo kunye nokulula ukusebenza.
2.3 Izinto eziluncedo nezingeloncedo ngeziphatho zezitshixo
Izinto eziluncedo:
Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza:Isibambo se-lever sinokuvula ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuvala i-valve ngexesha elifutshane, ukuphucula isantya sokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.
Umzamo-ukugcina nokusebenza kakuhle: Ngomgaqo weleva, umsebenzisi kufuneka asebenzise amandla amancinane ukuze asebenzise-ivalve yobubanzi obukhulu.
Ulwakhiwo olulula:Isakhiwo somatshini we-lever handle silula kwaye iindleko zokugcinwa ziphantsi.
Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Iimfuno zendawo enkulu:I-lever handle idla ngokufuna indawo enkulu yokusebenza kwaye ayifanelekanga kwiindawo zokufakela i-compact.
Ukuchaneka kwendawo ephantsi:Isimo sokutshintsha kwesibambo se-lever sinobunzima, kwaye kunzima ukufezekisa ukulawulwa kokuhamba kakuhle.
Imingcipheko enokubakho:Ngaphantsi kwe-vibration okanye amandla angaphandle, i-lever handle ingahamba ngokungalindelekanga, echaphazela i-valve state.
3. Umqheba wevili lesandla: amandla ajikelezayo alawulwa ngokuchanekileyo
3.1 Ubume kunye neempawu zokusebenza kwesiphatho sevili lesandla
Umqheba wevili lesandla unevili lesetyhula kunye ne-axis esembindini. Umsebenzisi uqhuba isikhondo sevalvu ukuba sihambe ngokujikelezisa ivili. Uyilo lwe-handwheel lugxininise ukugudiswa kunye nokulawulwa kokujikeleza, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhotyiswe ngesikali okanye isixhobo sokunciphisa ukulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuvulwa kwevalve. Ububanzi kunye nenani lee-spokes ze-handwheel ziya kuchaphazela i-torque kunye nentuthuzelo yokusebenza.
3.2 Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kweziphatho zamavili esandla
Isiphatho sevili lesandla sifanelekile kumathuba apho kufuneka ulawulo lokuhamba oluchanekileyo, olunje:
Imibhobho yemichiza:Ngexesha lokuphendula kweekhemikhali, isiphatho sevili lesandla sinokuhlengahlengisa ngokucokisekileyo ukuhamba kwamanzi ukuze kuqinisekiswe iimeko zokusabela ezizinzileyo.
Inkqubo yokucoca amanzi:Iivalvu zokulawula kunikezelo lwamanzi kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa amanzi zidla ngokuxhotyiswa ngeziphatho zamavili esandla, eziququzelela abaqhubi ukuba balungelelanise umthamo wamanzi ngokwemfuno.
Iinkqubo zokufudumeza kunye nezomoya:Izibambo zamavili esandla zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa ukuvulwa kweeradiyetha okanye iivalvu zokupholisa umoya ukuphumeza ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu.
3.3 Iinzuzo zobugcisa kunye nokunciphisa iziphatho zamavili esandla
Izinto eziluncedo:
Ulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo: I-handwheel handle inokulawula ngokuchanekileyo i-valve yokuvula ngokujikeleza i-angle ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokulungiswa kakuhle kwesantya sokuhamba.
Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo:Ukujikeleza kwe-handwheel kuzinzile kwaye akuphazamiseki lula ngamandla angaphandle. Ifanelekile kwizihlandlo apho i-valve state kufuneka igcinwe ixesha elide.
Ukuguquguquka okuqinileyo kwendawo: Isibambo sevili lesandla sithatha indawo encinci kwaye ifanele indawo yokufaka i-compact.
Izinto ezingeloncedo:
Ixesha elide lokusebenza: Kuthatha ukujikeleziswa okuphindaphindiweyo kwevili lesandla ukuvula okanye ukuvala ngokupheleleyo ivalve, ngakumbi-iivalvu ezinkulu zedayamitha, edla ixesha{1}}.
Iimfuno zetorque ephezulu:Kuxinzelelo oluphezulu{{0}okanye olukhulu{1}}iivalvu zedayamitha, ukusebenza kwevili lesandla kunokufuna amandla amakhulu kwaye kufuna amandla aphezulu omzimba kumsebenzisi.
Ubume obuntsonkothileyo:Isiphatho sevili lesandla sihlala sixhotyiswe ngezixhobo zegiya okanye izixhobo zeentshulube, kwaye iindleko zokugcinwa nokulungiswa ziphezulu.
4. Uhlalutyo oluthelekisayo lwezibambo ze-lever kunye nezibambo zesandla
| Imilinganiselo yokuthelekisa | Umqheba weLever | Umqheba wevili lesandla |
|---|---|---|
| Isantya sokusebenza | Ukukhawuleza (ukuvula nokuvala kwangoko) | Kancinci (ifuna ujikelezo oluninzi) |
| Lawula ukuchaneka | Phantsi (ifanele ukuvulwa ngokupheleleyo/ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo) | Phezulu (inokulungiswa kakuhle) |
| Umzamo wokugcina | Ukulondoloza iinzame (umgaqo welever wandisa amandla) | Kunokuba nzima (ingakumbi-iivalvu zedayamitha ezinkulu) |
| Iimfuno zesithuba | Enkulu (ifuna indawo yokusebenza) | Incinci (uyilo oludibeneyo) |
| Iimeko ezisebenzayo | Ukuvulwa nokuvala okungxamisekileyo, ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza | Ulawulo lokuhamba, ulawulo oluchanekileyo |
| Iindleko zokugcina | Phantsi (isakhiwo esilula) | Phezulu (isakhiwo soomatshini esinzima) |
5. Indlela yokukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesibambo sevalve?
Xa ukhetha uhlobo lwesibambo sevalve, ezi zinto zilandelayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokubanzi:
Iimfuno zokusebenza:
Ukuba uvula kunye nokuvala ngokukhawuleza (okufana nokucima umlilo, ukucinywa kukaxakeka) kuyafuneka, isiphatho selever siyakhethwa.
Ukuba ufuna ukulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuhamba (okufana neekhemikhali, ulawulo lobushushu), kufuneka ukhethe isibambo sesandla.
Iintlobo zevalvu kunye neenkcukacha:
Iivalvu ezikhawulezayo-ezifana neevalvu zebhola kunye neevalvu zebhabhathane zidla ngokudityaniswa neziphatho zeleva.
Iivalvu ezifuna ukulungiswa ngokuchanekileyo, njengeevalve zesango kunye neevalve zokumisa, zifaneleke ngakumbi kwi-handwheel handles.
Enkulu-iivalvu zedayamitha kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo itorque yokusebenza komqheba. Isiphatho sevili lesandla sinokufuna izixhobo ezincedisayo (ezifana neebhokisi zegiya) ukunciphisa ubunzima bokusebenza.
Indawo yokuhlohla:
Izibambo zamavili ezandla kufuneka zikhethwe ngezihlandlo ezinendawo encinci. Uyilo lwabo oludityanisiweyo lugcina indawo eninzi.
Kwiindawo ezine-vibration okanye ezithintekayo kumandla angaphandle, ukuzinza kwee-handwheel handles kungcono kune-lever handles.
Imiba yomqhubi:
Amandla omzimba womsebenzi kunye nemikhwa yokusebenza kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo. Izibambo zeLever zigcina umzamo kodwa zifuna indawo, kwaye iziphatho zamavili ezandla zifanelekile kwiimeko ezifuna imisebenzi ebuthathaka.
ISISHWANKATHELO: Khetha esona siphatho sesivalo sifanelekileyo ngokweemfuno zakho
Izibambo zeLever kunye nezibambo zamavili ezandla nganye ineengenelo zayo ezizodwa kunye neemeko ezisebenzayo kwiinkqubo zevalvu yeshishini. Iziphatho zeLever zaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokusebenza{1}}ukugcina, kwaye zilungele iimeko ezifuna impendulo kaxakeka; izibambo ze-handwheel ziphawulwa ngolawulo oluchanekileyo kunye nokuguquguquka okuqinileyo kwendawo, kwaye zifanelekile kwizicelo ezifuna ukulungiswa kakuhle. Xa abasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso bekhetha izibambo zevalvu, kufuneka badibanise iimfuno ezithile zokusebenza, iintlobo zevalvu, indawo yofakelo, kunye nezinto zabasebenzi, kwaye ukhethe olona hlobo lufanelekileyo lokubamba emva kovavanyo olubanzi lokuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwenkqubo. Ngokukhetha ngokufanelekileyo izibambo zevalvu, iinkampani zinokuphucula iinkqubo zemveliso, zinciphise iindleko zolondolozo, kwaye ziphucule inqanaba lilonke lokuzitshintsha kwemizi-mveliso.
